What is Vitamin B12? What does it do?

Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin that is vital for the body. This vitamin, which cannot be produced by the human body, must be taken from outside through food. In this article, we will give detailed information about the definition of vitamin B12, its functions, its effects on health, deficiency symptoms and measures that can be taken to prevent this deficiency.

What is Vitamin B12?

Vitamin B12 is also known as cobalamin, a cobalt-containing compound. It is involved in many important processes in the body, such as DNA synthesis, nervous system functions and the formation of red blood cells. It also plays a critical role in methylation processes, which is essential for cellular metabolism and gene expression.

Functions of Vitamin B12

The main functions of vitamin B12 are:

1. DNA Synthesis and Cell Division: Vitamin B12 is essential for the normal growth and reproduction of cells.
2. Red Blood Cells: A deficiency of vitamin B12 can lead to insufficient production of red blood cells in the bone marrow, which can lead to anemia (anemia).
3. Nervous System: Vitamin B12 protects nerve fibers and is essential for nerve conduction. It therefore has an important effect on the health of the nervous system.
4. Energy Metabolism: B12 is involved in the conversion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins into energy.

Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Symptoms

Vitamin B12 deficiency can be caused by factors such as inadequate intake or absorption problems. Symptoms that may occur in case of deficiency include

• Fatigue and weakness: Fatigue and weakness due to anemia (anemia).
• Nervous System Problems: Symptoms such as numbness, tingling, balance disorders, memory loss may occur.
• Tongue and Mouth Problems: Problems such as swelling, redness or loss of papillae on the tongue.
• Mood Changes: Mood changes such as irritability, depression and anxiety.

Vitamin B12 Sources

Vitamin B12 is mostly found in foods of animal origin. Here are some of the sources of vitamin B12:

• Meat and Fish: Especially animal protein sources such as beef, chicken, salmon, tuna are rich in B12.
• Milk and Dairy Products: Dairy products such as milk, yogurt and cheese contain B12.
• Eggs: The yolk of an egg contains vitamin B12.
• Fuel B12 supplements: Some plant foods may contain vitamin B12, but these sources are usually not in sufficient quantities and animal sources must usually be supplemented.

Vitamin B12 Supplements

Groups such as vegans and people with certain chronic diseases (for example, pernicious anemia) can often take B12 supplements. However, it is important to consult a healthcare professional before using any supplements.

Vitamin B12 has many important functions in the body and is essential for a healthy life. Getting enough B12 through a healthy diet can help prevent potential health problems such as anemia and nervous system problems. If you are experiencing symptoms of B12 deficiency or are at risk of inadequate intake, it is important to consult a health care professional to plan appropriate treatment.